A microscope is an instrument used to observe microscopic objects that are invisible to the naked eye and can be used in many industries.
Classification of microscopes
Microscopes are divided into electron microscopes and light microscopes.
1. The imaging principle of electron microscopy
According to the principle of electron optics, electron beam and electron lens are used instead of light beam and optical lens to image the fine structure of matter at very high magnification.
The resolving power of an electron microscope is expressed in terms of the minimum distance between two adjacent points it can resolve. In the 1970s, transmission electron microscopes had a resolution of about 0.3 nanometers (the human eye has a resolution of about 0.1 mm).
Electron microscopy now has a maximum magnification of more than 3 million times, while light microscopy has a maximum magnification of about 2,000 times, so it is possible to directly observe the atoms of some heavy metals and the neatly arranged lattice of atoms in the crystal.
2. Imaging principle of optical microscopy
The optical microscope is mainly composed of eyepiece, objective lens, payload stage and reflector. Eyepieces and objectives are convex lenses with different focal lengths. The focal length of the convex lens of the objective lens is smaller than that of the eyepiece.
An objective lens is equivalent to the lens of a projector, through which an object is transformed into an inverted, magnified real image. Eyepiece equivalent to ordinary magnifying glass, the real image through the eyepiece into a vertical, magnified virtual image. The object under the microscope to the human eye becomes an inverted enlarged virtual image.
A reflector is used to reflect and illuminate the object being observed. The reflector generally has two reflective surfaces: one is a plane mirror, used when the light is strong; One is a concave mirror, used when the light is weak, can converge the light.
What is the magnification of a microscope?
The magnification of a microscope is the magnification of the length or width of the object being observed. The product of the magnification of the eyepiece and the objective. A microscope has an inverted image, so when you look at a cell with a microscope, the image you see inside the eyepiece is an inverted image.
Under the microscope, the image is upside down and left and right, so when moving the slide specimen, the direction of specimen movement is just opposite to the direction of object movement. The magnification of a microscope is equal to the product of the magnification of the eyepiece and the objective.
The function and significance of the microscope
The microscope can better magnify the object, so as to observe the internal structure or features of the object. Microscopy is mainly used in physical biology and so on, which is of great significance for many researches. The microscope can also be used to measure angles and other aspects to make the measurement more accurate.
The microscope is an instrument used to observe microscopic objects. It is an important symbol of human beings entering the atomic age. Microscopic means you can't see it with the naked eye, so you have to use a microscope to see it. A microscope is an optical instrument composed of a lens or several lenses. There are various types of microscopes, such as light microscope and electron microscope.
What are the precautions for using light microscopy?
1. Install the eyepiece and objective lens of the optical microscope before using the optical microscope;
2, the use of light microscope before the microscope to adjust the light, to be able to see the uniform to see the bright circle can stop mobilization;
3, to correctly use the quasisocal screw;
4, after the use of optical glass cleaning, cleaning the lens of the optical microscope can not be forcibly wiped, cleaning the prism and plane can be carried out in accordance with the method of cleaning the lens.
The microscope is actually the symbol of mankind entering the atomic age. This article is some of the related introduction of the microscope, I believe that we should have some understanding of the "microscope" after reading it!
